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[null,"SBR Self-assessment Questionnaire"]
[]
[null,"Introduction"]
[null,"The SBR Self-assessment Questionnaire is a tool that can assist the NSOs in their assessment on the status of development for their SBR in a multi-dimensional approach. It is based on the methodological framework as described in the SBR Maturity Model, which was produced by the UNCEBTS Task Team on SBRs.\n\nIt is recommended that you read the SBR Maturity Model first, before completing this questionnaire.\n\nThe questionnaire contains seven modules, with each module corresponding to one of the seven dimensions defined in the SBR Maturity Model. In each module, there is a set of questions regarding the current status of your country’s SBR in a particular dimension. For each question, please select the answer(s) that best describes your country’s SBR. You will receive an assessment result indicating the stage of SBR development in the dimension.The results can be viewed in the Result tab as well."]

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[null,"Questions"]
[null,"*Within a dimension, always answer from the top (e.g., in dimension 2, 2.1 -> 2.2 -> 2.3) to ensure correct results. If you need to go back, delete the answers and start from scratch."]
[null,"Dimension 1: Legal and institutional framework",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Instruction"]
[]
[null,null,"1.1 Is there a provision in the statistical law or a MOU(Memorandum of understanding) that mandates or allows the NSO(National Statistical Organization) to collect data that are relevant for SBR? (This includes for example the conduct of economic censuses and surveys, or access to an administrative business register.) Select one of the following.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If YES is selected, proceed to the next question. \nOtherwise, \"Preliminary\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"1.2 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that are applicable)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If A plus at least one other answer are selected, proceed to the next question.\nOtherwise, \"Early stage\"(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[]
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[null,null,"1.3 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that are applicable)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If one or more answers are selected, \"Advanced\" stage.\nOtherwise, \"Mature\" stage."]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"Result of Demension 1"]
[]
[null,"Dimension 2: Data sources for SBR",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Instruction"]
[]
[null,null,"2.1 Is there information which enables regular updating and the maintenance of the SBR based on administrative data (business registers, taxation data, etc.); or economic censuses (possibly in conjunction with SBR improvement surveys)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If YES is selected, proceed to the next question. \nOtherwise, \"Preliminary\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"2.2 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If A or B is selected, proceed to the next question.\nOtherwise,\" Early\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"2.3 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If one or more answers are selected, \"Advanced\"stage.\nOtherwise, \"Mature\" stage."]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"Result of Demension 2"]
[]
[null,"Dimension 3: Maintenance and update of SBRs",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Instruction"]
[]
[null,null,"3.1 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR?",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If A is selected, \"Preliminary\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension). \nIf B is selected, \"Early\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension). \nIf C is selected, proceed to the next question."]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"3.2 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If all of A-D (one of the three for B) are selected, proceed to the next question. \nOtherwise, \"Early\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[null,null,"   B. The SBR is updated regularly:"]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"3.3 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If one or more answers are selected, \"Advanced\"stage.\nOtherwise, \"Mature\" stage."]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"Result of Demension 3"]
[]
[null,"Dimension 4: Coverage of an SBR",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Instruction"]
[]
[null,null,"4.1 Is there some evaluation of how complete the coverage of the SBR is? ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If YES is selected, proceed to the next question. \nOtherwise, \"Preliminary\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"4.2 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If all of \n-A (at least ”Non-financial corporations” and “Financial corporations”), \n-B (two or more), \n-C (at least “identification and contact information”, “demography”, “economic/stratification variables”), \n-D \n-E \nare selected, proceed to the next question. Otherwise, \"Early\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)."]
[null,null,"A. Which institutional sectors of the economy are included in the SBR."]
[null,null,"B. Which types of units are included in the SBR. "]
[null,null,"C. Which types of variables are included in the SBR. "]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"4.3 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If one or more answers are selected, \"Advanced\"stage.\nOtherwise, \"Mature\" stage."]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"Result of Demension 4"]
[]
[null,"Dimension 5: Use of SBR",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Instruction"]
[]
[null,null,"5.1 Is the SBR used to create consistent frames for some business surveys? ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If YES is selected, proceed to the next question. \nOtherwise, \"Preliminary\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"5.2 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If all of A-C are selected, proceed to the next question. \nOtherwise, \"Early\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"5.3 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If one or more answers are selected, \"Advanced\"stage.\nOtherwise, \"Mature\" stage."]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"Result of Demension 5"]
[]
[null,"Dimension 6: IT Environment",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Instruction"]
[]
[null,null,"6.1 Does the IT infrastructure for the SBR consists of a database structure (not, for example, an Excel spreadsheet)?",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If YES is selected, proceed to the next question. \nOtherwise, \"Preliminary\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"6.2 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If A and B are selected, proceed to the next question. \nOtherwise, \"Early\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"6.3 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If one or more answers are selected, \"Advanced\"stage.\nOtherwise, \"Mature\" stage."]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"Result of Demension 6"]
[]
[null,"Dimension 7: Interoperability",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Instruction"]
[]
[null,null,"7.1 Is The SBR interoperable with other systems or registers including administrative sources? ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If YES is selected, proceed to the next question. \nOtherwise, \"Preliminary\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"7.2 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If A and B are selected, proceed to the next question. \nOtherwise, \"Early\" stage(skip to the end of this dimension)"]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"7.3 Are the following descriptions true for your country’s SBR? (Select all that apply)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If one or more answers are selected, \"Advanced\"stage.\nOtherwise, \"Mature\" stage."]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"Result of Demension 7"]

{"sheet":"Result","index":2,"n_rows":11,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":11,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
[]
[null,"RESULT"]
[]
[]
[null,"Dimension 1: Legal and institutional framework",{"$f":"Questions!F23","v":0},{"$f":"IF(C5=\"Preliminary\",1,IF(C5=\"Early\",2, IF(C5=\"Mature\",3,IF(C5=\"Advanced\",4,0))))","v":0}]
[null,"Dimension 2: Data sources for SBR",{"$f":"Questions!F41","v":0},{"$f":"IF(C6=\"Preliminary\",1,IF(C6=\"Early\",2, IF(C6=\"Mature\",3,IF(C6=\"Advanced\",4,0))))","v":0}]
[null,"Dimension 3: Maintenance and update of SBRs",{"$f":"Questions!F61","v":0},{"$f":"IF(C7=\"Preliminary\",1,IF(C7=\"Early\",2, IF(C7=\"Mature\",3,IF(C7=\"Advanced\",4,0))))","v":0}]
[null,"Dimension 4: Coverage of an SBR",{"$f":"Questions!F83","v":0},0]
[null,"Dimension 5: Use of SBR",{"$f":"Questions!F105","v":0},0]
[null,"Dimension 6: IT Environment",{"$f":"Questions!F122","v":0},0]
[null,"Dimension 7: Interoperability",{"$f":"Questions!F139","v":0},0]

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[]
[]
[null,"Glossary"]
[]
[null,null,"Explanation","Source","Link"]
[null,"Administrative business register","An administrative business register is a regularly updated structured list of specific business units in a territorial area, which is maintained by administrative authorities for administrative, legal or taxation purposes (e.g., recording and maintaining certain details of businesses or taxation)."]
[null,"Administrative data\n","Data originally collected for non-statistical purpose. Control of the methods by which the administrative data are collected and processed rests with the administrative agency. In most cases the administrative authority will be a government unit.\n","United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, \"Using Administrative and Secondary Sources for Official Statistics: A Handbook of Principles and Practices\", United Nations, New York and Geneva, 2011.\n","http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/stats/publications/Using_Administrative_Sources_Final_for_web.pdf"]
[null,"Administrative source","Administrative source are files of data collected by government bodies for the purposes of administering taxes and benefits or monitoring populations. More generally, administrative sources contain information that is not primarily collected for statistical purposes."," United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, \"Using Administrative and Secondary Sources for Official Statistics: A Handbook of Principles and Practices\", United Nations, New York and Geneva, 201","http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/stats/publications/Using_Administrative_Sources_Final_for_web.pdf"]
[null,"Business\n","Generic term used to denote an entity engaged in commercial, industrial, or professional activities \n"]
[null,"Business demography\n","Business demography covers events, like births and other creations of units, deaths and other cessations of units, and their ratio to the business population. It covers follow-up of units in time dimension, thus gaining information on their survival or discontinuity. It also covers development in time dimension according to certain characteristics like size, thus gaining information on the growth of units, or a cohort of units, by type of activity. Demographic information can in principle be produced for any statistical unit; however, a clear political interest in Europe is on enterprise demography. In other regions business demography data are often calculated based on establishments. The demography of enterprises can be assessed by studying enterprise births and enterprise deaths and by examining the change in the number of enterprises by type of activity; i.e., by examining the flows and stocks to get a complete picture of the enterprise dynamism.\n\n","European Commission (Eurostat), Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), \"Eurostat – OECD Manual on Business Demography Statistics\", Methodologies and Working papers, Publication Office of the European Communities, Luxembourg, 2007.\n\n","http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ramon/statmanuals/files/KS-RA-07-010-EN.pdf"]
[null,"Consistent frames","In this document, the term refers to extracted frames when only a limited area of survey frames can be covered by the SBR ."]
[null,"Economic census","A survey conducted on the full set of observation objects belonging to a given business population.","Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UNECE), \"Terminology on Statistical Metadata\", Conference of European Statisticians Statistical Standards and Studies, No. 53, Geneva, 2000.","https://unece.org/DAM/stats/publications/53metadaterminology.pdf "]
[null,"Economic/stratification variables","Variables (such as turnover, emplymnet size etc. ) used for sampling survey frames, grossing up sample data and/or presenting results","UN Guidelines on Statistical Business Registers (2020).","https://unstats.un.org/unsd/business-stat/SBR/Documents/UN_Guidelines_on_SBR.pdf"]
[null,"Economic survey","An investigation about the characteristics of a given business population by means of collecting data from a sample of that population and estimating their characteristics through the systematic use of statistical methodology","Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UNECE), \"Terminology on Statistical Metadata\", Conference of European Statisticians Statistical Standards and Studies, No. 53, Geneva, 2000.","https://unece.org/DAM/stats/publications/53metadaterminology.pdf"]
[null,"Economic unit","Unit that can engage in the full range of transactions and are capable of owning assets and incurring\nliabilities on their own behalf.","System of National Accounts (2008).","https://unstats.un.org/unsd/nationalaccount/docs/sna2008.pdf"]
[null,"Enterprise","An enterprise is a legal unit (or the smallest set of legal units) producing economic goods and services with autonomy in respect of financial and investment decision-making, as well as authority and responsibility for allocating resources for the production of goods and services. It may be engaged in one or more productive activities. An enterprise may be a corporation (or quasi- corporation), a non-profit institution or an unincorporated enterprise. Corporate enterprises and non-profit institutions are complete institutional units. On the other hand, the term “unincorporated enterprise” refers to a household or government unit in its capacity as a producer of goods and services. The enterprise is the level of statistical unit at which information relating to its transactions, including financial and balance-sheet accounts, are maintained, and from which international transactions, an international investment position (when applicable), consolidated financial position and net worth can be derived.","United Nations, Statistics Division, \"International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities (ISIC)\", Statistical Papers Series M No. 4, Rev. 4, New York, 2008.","https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/isic"]
[null,"Enterprise group","An enterprise group is an association of enterprises bound together by legal and/or financial links. A group of enterprises can have more than one decision-making centre, especially for policy on production, sales and profit. It may centralise certain aspects of financial management and taxation. It constitutes an economic unit which is empowered to make choices, particularly concerning the units which it comprises. An enterprise group is a set of enterprises controlled by the group head.","European Commission, Eurostat, \"Business Registers Recommendations Manual\", Methodologies and Working papers, Publication Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2010.","http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ramon/statmanuals/files/KS-32-10-216-EN-C-EN.pdf"]
[null,"Establishment","The establishment is defined as an enterprise or part of an enterprise that is situated in a single location and in which only a single (non-ancillary) productive activity is carried out or in which the principal productive activity accounts for most of the value added.","United Nations, Statistics Division, \"International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities (ISIC)\", Statistical Papers Series M No. 4, Rev. 4, New York, 2008.","https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/isic"]
[null,"Frame","The frame for a given survey is the subset of the frozen frame, comprising the set of units that match the specification of the survey target population. Thus, for example, a survey of employment will include units in all (or at least most) industries that are employers, i.e., will exclude units that are non-employers. A survey of manufacturing will include all units that have an ISIC code in the manufacturing group, whether they have employees or not. A survey of capital expenditure may include all units above a certain size. Thus, the survey frames are typically different from one another but may be extracted from the same common set of units; i.e., a frozen frame. A frame may be referred to as a survey frame also as a sampling frame or a survey sampling frame.","UN Guidelines on Statistical Business Registers (2020).","https://unstats.un.org/unsd/business-stat/SBR/Documents/UN_Guidelines_on_SBR.pdf"]
[null,"Frozen frame","The frozen frame is a subset of the snapshot that comprises all statistical units that are active, or potentially active, or active within the previous reference year. It also includes administrative units that are linked to these statistical units. The aim is to include all units and all characteristics that are used by subsequent processes. In other words, it is a trimmed down version of the snapshot that is easier to manipulate because the possible large number of inactive units are not there. It may be further restricted by containing only units for which there are values for the characteristics that are to be used for frame extraction and sample selection for at least one survey.","UNECE Guidelines on Statistical Business Registers (2015). UN Guidelines on Statistical Business Registers (2020).","https://unece.org/DAM/stats/publications/2015/ECE_CES_39_WEB.pdf,\n https://unstats.un.org/unsd/business-stat/SBR/Documents/UN_Guidelines_on_SBR.pdf\n"]
[null,"Identifier","The purpose of an identifier is to identify a unit and to link it with other units in the register and with administrative and statistical sources. The identity number of a legal unit can be either specific to the statistical business register or an external one, common or shared with other institutions in the Member State, a so called unique identifier.","European Commission, Eurostat, \"Business Registers Recommendations Manual\", Methodologies and Working papers, Publication Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2010.","http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ramon/statmanuals/files/KS-32-10-216-EN-C-EN.pdf"]
[null,"Informal sector","The informal sector is broadly characterised as consisting of units engaged in the production of goods or services with the primary objective of generating employment and incomes to the persons concerned. These units typically operate at a low level of organisation, with little or no division between labour and capital as factors of production and on a small scale. Labour relations – where they exist – are based mostly on casual employment, kinship or personal and social relations rather than contractual arrangements with formal guarantees. The informal sector thus defined excludes households producing exclusively for own final use."," Measuring the Non-Observed Economy: A Handbook, OECD, IMF, ILO, Interstate Statistical Committee of the Commonwealth of Independent States, 2002.","http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/9/20/1963116.pdf"]
[null,"Institutional sector","In the 2008 SNA all resident institutional units are grouped together to form five institutional sectors, on the basis of their principal functions, behaviour and objectives:\nS.11. Non-financial corporations are institutional units which are independent legal entities and market producers that are principally engaged in the production of goods and non-financial services.\nS.12. Financial corporations are institutional units which are independent legal entities and market producers that are principally engaged in financial services including financial intermediation.\nS.13. General Government consists of institutional units that, in addition to fulfilling their political responsibilities and their role of economic regulation, produce services (and possibly goods) for individual or collective consumption mainly on a non-market basis and redistribute income and wealth.\nS.14. Households are institutional units consisting of individuals or groups of individuals as consumers and as entrepreneurs producing market goods and non-financial and financial services provided that the production of goods and services is not by separate entities treated as quasi-corporations. It also includes individuals or groups of individuals as producers of goods and non-financial services for exclusively own final use.\nS.15. Non-profit institutions serving households (NPISHs) are separate legal entities which are non-market producers that are principally engaged in the production of services for households or the community at large and whose main resources are voluntary contributions.\n","System of National Accounts 2008."," http://unstats.un.org/unsd/nationalaccount/docs/SNA2008.pdf"]
[null,"Kind-of-activity unit (KAU)","A kind-of-activity unit is an enterprise or part of an enterprise that engages in only one kind of productive activity or in which the principal productive activity accounts for most of the value added. Compared with the establishment, the KAU is not restricted on the geographic area in which the activity is carried out but it is characterized by homogeneity of activity."," United Nations, Statistics Division, \"International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities (ISIC)\", Statistical Papers Series M No. 4, Rev. 4, New York, 2008.","https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/isic"]
[null,"Legal unit","Legal units include:\n• Legal persons whose existence is recognised by law independently of the individuals or institutions which may own them or are members of them.\n• Natural persons who are engaged in an economic activity in their own right.\nThe legal unit is usually recorded in one or more administrative sources. The sources used for statistical business registers do not necessarily provide identical views of legal units. These units can vary both between different sources within a country and between countries. Thus, the legal unit is not suitable as a statistical unit, particularly for international comparisons. The characteristics of a legal unit are: it owns goods or assets, it incurs liabilities and it enters into contracts. The legal unit always forms, either by itself or sometimes in combination with other legal units, the basis for the statistical unit known as the \"enterprise\".\n","European Commission, Eurostat, \"Business Registers Recommendations Manual\", Methodologies and Working papers, Publication Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2010.","http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ramon/statmanuals/files/KS-32-10-216-EN-C-EN.pdf"]
[null,"Local kind-of-activity unit (local KAU)","See: Establishment"]
[null,"Local unit","A local unit is an enterprise or part of an enterprise (for example, a workshop, factory, warehouse, office, mine or depot) that is engaged in productive activity at or from one location. The definition has only one dimension in that it does not refer to the kind of activity that is carried out.","United Nations, Statistics Division, \"International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities (ISIC)\", Statistical Papers Series M No. 4, Rev. 4, New York, 2008.","https://unstats.un.org/unsd/classifications/Econ/isic"]
[null,"Micro data","Microdata are sets of records containing information on individuals, households or businesses. We use them in official statistics to produce aggregate information, usually in table format.","Eurostat","https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/microdata"]
[null,"Profiling","Profiling is a method to analyze the legal, operational and accounting structure of an enterprise group at national and world levels, in order to establish the statistical units within that group, their links and the most efficient structures for the collection of statistical data. The profiling process is called manual when profilers analyze available information on a group and delineate enterprise(s) within this group on an individual basis. This method is costly in terms of time and resources, and requires specific skills from the profilers; therefore, for reasons of means, it can be applied to only the largest, most relevant groups. When\nthere is a comprehensive dialogue and a meeting with the profiling team and group’s representatives (generally consolidators or accountants), this is considered to be intensive manual profiling. When there is an analysis of the group without contact with its representatives, or contact only by mail and conference calls with its representatives on very general aspects regarding [global enterprise/enterprise] delineation, this is usually considered to be light manual profiling. Nevertheless, nowadays, a huge majority of groups in all countries are small and medium-sized. For reasons of resource constraints, these groups are recommended to be profiled through algorithms. This method is called automatic profiling.\n","Eurostat (2020), European Business Profiling — Recommendations manual, Chapter 9. ","https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-manuals-and-guidelines/-/ks-gq-20-002"]
[null,"Statistical Business Register(SBR)","The business register for statistical purposes is a fully and comprehensive, regularly updated and structured list of business units engaged in the production of goods and services, which is maintained by national statistical authorities for statistical purposes to assist the compilation of statistical data and particularly as a (backbone) tool for the preparation and coordination of surveys, as a source for information for statistical analysis of the business population and its demography, for the use of administrative data, and for the identification and construction of statistical units.","European business statistics methodological manual for statistical business registers 2021 edition. UNECE Guidelines on Statistical Business Registers (2015).","https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/3859598/12433023/KS-GQ-20-006-EN-N.pdf/0c31c77a-5d20-9954-9223- 2b856fdb93c9?t=1613481618625, \nhttps://unece.org/DAM/stats/publications/2015/ECE_CES_39_WEB.pdf\n"]
[null,"SBR improvement survey","A survey conducted by statisticians to improve SBR quality","UN Guidelines on Statistical Business Registers (2020)","https://unstats.un.org/unsd/business-stat/SBR/Documents/UN_Guidelines_on_SBR.pdf"]
[null,"Survey Frame","See: Frame"]
[null,"Unit record data","See micro data"]